Biplane fighter aces

Soviet Union

Polkovnik Aleksey Semyonovich Smirnov HSU

7 February 1917 – 7 August 1987

Smirnov was born in Paltsevo in the Kalinin area on 7 February 1917. His father died when he was young, and he lived with his mother and 6 brothers and sisters. After school he worked with farming and other various occupations.
He learned to fly at the Kalinin aeroclub before starting his military career in 1938 and completing his pilot training at Odessa Military Air College later that same year.

He cut his teeth against the Finns during the Winter War of 1939/40 flying Polikarpov I-153s but without claiming anything.

At the outbreak of the Patriotic War, he was serving in the 153 IAP engaging in the threefold mission of carrying out armed reconnaissance, bomber escort and ground attack at the Leningrad front.

On 9 July 1941, Smirnov and Adam Amkoladze both claimed their first victories when the I-153s of 153 IAP were in combat with Bf 109s over Parikka.

On 14 September 1941, he was badly hit and wounded in a fighter battle but managed to nurse his blazing aircraft back to friendly territory before bailing out. He was hospitalised but returned to duty in the end of October 1941.

In early 1942, the regiment was transferred to the Volkhov Front to defend the ‘Way of Life’ to Leningrad across the ice-bound Lake Ladoga.
During the summer the regiment was moved to the Voronezh Front and he was promoted to starshiy leitenant.
On 30 June 1942, the regiment was as one of the first regiments to be re-equipped with Bell P-39D Airacobras. He was to fly this fighter with notable success during subsequent assignments on Voronezh, Northwest, Kalinin, 1st and 2nd Baltic and 3rd Byelorussian Fronts to come out of World War II as the regiment’s top ace.

On 23 July 1942, he was leading six Airacobras to tear into a formation of six Ju 87s and an equal number of Bf 109s from II/JG 77 near Zemlyansk. Before the escort could intervene, Smirnov had destroyed one of the Stukas, then pulled in behind a Bf 109, and started to pour fire into him. The German pilot knew how to protect his skin and gave him a good fight. By continually turning, sideslipping and fishtailing he managed to work his way back into German territory forcing Smirnov to break off and turn for home when fuel was getting low.
Some sources states that Smirnov’s aircraft was shot down over German held territory in this combat and that he parachuted safely from it. The wind then brought him safely into Soviet territory.

On 22 November 1942 the 153 IAP was designated the 28 GIAP and moved to the North West Front.

On 15 March 1943 Smirnov got into a hard, protracted duel with a FW190 flown by a pilot of equal ability. The combat came to a rapid end when he allowed the German pilot to get close, then throttled back allowing him to overshoot. Smirnov latched onto his tail getting strikes all over him following which the FW 190 hit the ground in a splash of flame.

During the spring of 1943 he was promoted to kapitan and became deputy commander of an eskadrilya.

On 1 August 1943 the 28 GIAP was re-equipped with P-39Qs.

On 28 September 1943 he was decorated with the Gold Star of Hero of the Soviet Union (no. 1213) and the Order of Lenin for 13 victories claimed on 39 air combats on 212 sorties as of August 1943. By the end of September his score had climbed to 18 victories.

In October 1943 he took over as a commander of an eskadrilya.

His highest scoring day was 9 October 1943 when he shot down four German planes and for this feat he was decorated with the Order of Aleksandr Nevskiy on 11 October.

Late in 1943 the unit moved to the 1st Baltic Front.
In 1944 he was promoted to Major and the unit moved to the 2nd Baltic Front.
In January 1945 he advanced to deputy commander of the regiment and participated in the final clashes over Berlin.

On 23 February 1945 he was decorated with the second Gold Star of Hero of the Soviet Union (no. 4182) and the second Order of Lenin for 31 victories and 1 shared claimed on 296 sorties as of September 1944.
During the start of 1945 the unit moved first to the 3rd and then to the 2nd Belorussian Fronts. His number two on many occasions was 14-victory ace Poytr Uglyanskiy. At one occasion they together shot down four Bf 109s.
Smirnov was also decorated with the Order of the Red Banner (3 December 1941, 30 April 1943, 3 September 1944, 3 May 1945 and a fifth time on an unknown date), the Order of the Patriotic War 1st Class (15 May 1945 and 11 March 1985) and the Order of the Red Star.
Smirnov ended the war with 1 biplane victory and a total of 35. These were claimed on 72 encounters on 357 sorties of which 100 were ground attacks. The last sortie and combat took place over East Prussia.

Following World War II Smirnov assumed command of a fighter air regiment and flew MiG-15s and Mig-17s. Later he became a fighter inspector of a military district.
He retired from the VVS as a polkovnik in 1954. He lived in Moscow and died on 7 August 1987.

Claims:
Kill no. Date Time Number Type Result Plane type Serial no. Locality Unit
  1941                
1 09/07/41   1 Bf 109 Destroyed I-153   Parikka 153 IAP
  1942                
2 23/07/42   1 Bf 109 Destroyed Airacobra   Fomino-Negachevka 153 IAP
3 23/07/42   1 Ju 88 Destroyed Airacobra   Bolshaya Vereika 153 IAP
4 13/08/42   1 Bf 109 Destroyed Airacobra   Tresvyatskaya area 153 IAP
5 16/12/42   1 Hs 126 Destroyed Airacobra   SW Ramushevo 28 GIAP
  29/12/42   1/2 FW 189 Destroyed Airacobra   Karpovo 28 GIAP
  1943                
6 05/01/43   1 Bf 109 Destroyed Airacobra   E Cynodon 28 GIAP
7 05/01/43   1 Bf 109 Destroyed Airacobra     28 GIAP
8 15/01/43   1 Bf 109 Destroyed Airacobra   Presnyanka 28 GIAP
9 17/02/43   1 Bf 109 Destroyed Airacobra   Rechitsa 28 GIAP
10 27/02/43   1 Bf 109 Destroyed Airacobra   NW Zukowo 28 GIAP
11 15/03/43   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   Dubki-Mukhino 28 GIAP
12 15/03/43   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   Bologizh 28 GIAP
13 15/03/43   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   Zaborov'ye-Kozlovo 28 GIAP
  27/06/43   1 Balloon Destroyed Airacobra   Sonakovschina 28 GIAP
14 28/07/43   1 FW 189 Destroyed Airacobra   W Otvadno 28 GIAP
15 08/08/43   1 FW 189 Destroyed Airacobra   N Tuleble Station 28 GIAP
16 17/08/43   1 FW 189 Destroyed Airacobra   Pereterka 28 GIAP
17 07/10/43   1 He 111 Destroyed Airacobra   N Stajkino 28 GIAP
18 09/10/43   1 Hs 126 Destroyed Airacobra     28 GIAP
19 09/10/43   1 He 111 Destroyed Airacobra     28 GIAP
20 09/10/43   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   Borisova 28 GIAP
21 09/10/43   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   Zukowo 28 GIAP
22 10/10/43   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   W Nevel 28 GIAP
23 15/10/43   1 Ju 87 Destroyed Airacobra   Platonovo 28 GIAP
24 15/10/43   1 Ju 87 Destroyed Airacobra     28 GIAP
25 18/10/43   1 Ju 87 Destroyed Airacobra     28 GIAP
  1944                
26 15/07/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   W Lake Dzisna 28 GIAP
27 17/07/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   NW Kraslava Station 28 GIAP
28 17/07/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   W Kraslava Station 28 GIAP
29 19/07/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   E Staryi 28 GIAP
30 28/07/44   1 Me 210 Destroyed Airacobra   NW Gluda Station 28 GIAP
31 15/08/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   E Bauska 28 GIAP
32 14/09/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   Kuloda manor 28 GIAP
33 14/09/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   N edge Dozsala island 28 GIAP
34 17/09/44   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   S Dobele 28 GIAP
  1945                
35 20/01/45   1 FW 190 Destroyed Airacobra   Insterburg 28 GIAP

Biplane victories: 1 destroyed.
TOTAL: 35 and 1 shared destroyed, 1 destroyed balloon.

Sources:
All aces of Stalin 1936–1953 – Mikhail Bykov, 2014
Black Cross/Red Star Volume III - Christer Bergström, Andrey Dikov and Vlad Antipov, 2006 Eagle Editions Ltd, Hamilton, ISBN 0-9761034-4-3
Sovetskiye asy - Nikolay Bodrikhin, 1998, kindly provided by Ondrej Repka.
Soviet Aces 1936-1953
Stalin's Eagles - Hans D. Seidl, 1998 Schiffer Publishing, ISBN 0-7643-0476-3
Stalin's Falcons - Tomas Polak and Christhoper Shores, 1999 Grub Street, London, ISBN 1-902304-01-2
Additional information kindly provided by Alexey V. Andreev.




Last modified 25 May 2020